Upcoming ION Seminars
Neural manifolds are a language for describing the structure of population activity in neural populations, which is intrinsically shaped by the structure of the information the population encodes. Tools from the mathematical field of algebraic topology allow us to detect and characterize this intrinsic structure within individual neural populations without reference to external correlates. However, as experimental tools increasingly allow us to study multiple brain regions at once, it has become possible to ask how such structured information flows and transforms as it moves through the brain. As these topological tools do not rely on prior knowledge or hypotheses about what is encoded, they are ideally suited to frame and answer such questions. In this talk, we will discuss recent work developing computational tools for studying how structure in neural manifolds align (or fails to), and forthcoming work on how we can use these tools to study learning in biological neural systems. No prior understanding of topology or topological methods in neuroscience will be assumed.
Synopsis: My lab studies the circuit mechanisms that enable oxytocin (OXT)-producing neurons in the vertebrate hypothalamus to control diverse behaviors. Working in larval zebrafish, we have found that OXT neuron activity elicited by noxious stimuli helps drive the acute, defensive response to physical threats through temporally sustained but spatially precise neuropeptide release within a brainstem premotor network. A parallel project demonstrates that OXT plays an evolutionarily conserved role in affiliative social behavior and socially-reinforced learning in the miniature fish, Danionella cerebrum. In this talk I'll discuss both those stories and their implications for an emerging picture of OXT's integrated physiological and behavioral roles.
Abstract: During development, the central nervous system establishes precise connections with the body to coordinate organ function. A crucial component of communication between the brain and body is the vagus nerve (cranial nerve X), which innervates multiple organ systems including the heart, lungs and digestive tract to regulate blood pressure, heart rate, respiration and digestion. Despite this important role, the molecular mechanisms guiding the vagus nerve to these organ targets during development remain unknown. We have developed the zebrafish embryo as a powerful model for interrogating vagus nerve development, taking advantage of its optical clarity and genetic accessibility. Using a novel photoconversion-based retrograde axon tracing approach we show that vagal motor neurons (mXns) that project to different organs (e.g. gallbladder, stomach, intestines) are spatially segregated within the hindbrain vagus nucleus. We hypothesize that these distinct mXn "target groups" have distinct molecular identities that guide axon targeting. To test this hypothesis, we have generated a developmental scRNAseq atlas focused on cranial motor neurons and have validated the spatially restricted expression of transcription factors and cell-surface molecules within the vagus motor nucleus. We have generated genetic tools to correlate gene expression with target groups, and performing a reverse mutagenesis screen to test the role of these candidates in topographic map formation, revealing preliminary mXn identity phenotypes. We have also observed that mXn axons contact specific subsets of enteric neurons (ENS) during motor axon pathfinding and have begun testing the role of these contacts in guiding topographic motor targeting.
This academic year will host a series of virtual and in person seminars with live, remote access via Zoom. ION Seminars are open to the University of Oregon community and in person attendance is welcome. In person seminars will be held in Willamette 110 at 4 PM PT where both attendees and speakers are required to follow University of Oregon guidelines for preventing the spread of COVID-19. Please visit coronavirus.uoregon.edu for more information.
To accommodate remote speakers and time differences, some seminars may be offered at Noon PT or another agreed upon time. For students taking BI 407/507 Neuroscience Seminar please contact the course instructor to access recordings as needed.
Details for upcoming seminars will be shared here on the ION website as well as through our ION mailing lists. Links for remote access via Zoom will be available only through ION Seminar mailing list and those not on the list can request access by contacting Jenna Penny with their uoregon.edu email address.